With a wingspan of almost 1 metre (3.3 ft), the spectral bat is the largest bat in the Americas and the largest carnivorous bat in the world. It's believed to find avian prey by smell and is attracted to distress calls from small bats caught in mist nets. It's also known as the "False Vampire", because it was previously thought to feed on blood.

The pumpkin toadlet is one of the smallest frogs in the world — only some 18 mm (0.7 in) long. Because of its minuscule size, the organs in its ears that are responsible for balance cease to work mid-jump. As such, it cartwheels rigidly through the air before making a clumsy, floppy landing.

The torrent duck is highly adapted for hunting within the fast-flowing rivers of the Andes — it kicks with powerful webbed feet, its long claws cling to slippery rocks, and its sleek body allows it to scale waterfalls. Even chicks, soon after hatching, plunge into the dangerous currents.

The large-billed tern uses its disproportionately long and thick beak to catch fish — either by plunge-diving into the water or skimming the surface with its beak as it flies. It has a commensal relationship with the tucuxi river dolphin, which often flushes fish towards the surface while hunting.

The Titicaca water frog lives solely in the depths of Lake Titicaca in the Andes mountains at elevations of 3,810 metres (12,500 feet). Its copious skin folds allow it to breathe — through cutaneous respiration (skin breathing) — at such high altitudes, its lungs are only 1/3 the size they should be.

The Amazon milk frog isn't named for its milky white appearance, instead, its name refers to a poisonous milky substance that it secretes when threatened. It also uses the fluid as "sunscreen" — lathering it over its body to prevent itself from drying out in the sun.